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The chalcones is one of the biggest classes of natural products. The research and drug development consist of a complex and long process that begin with the basic research of a new active compound in pre-clinical models. The condensation of aldehydes and ketones is particularly interesting for the reactions of organic synthesis, the presence of the á, â-unsaturated function together with the type and position of substituent in aromatic rings are often related to biological activity by these compounds. This study describes the synthesis of chalcones derivatives with structural modifications, as well as pyrazolines, sulphonylpyrazolines, hydrazones, urenyl- and thiourenyl-chalcones and evaluation in biological models. The pirazolines, sulphonylpyrazolines and hydrazones derivatives were obtained by the reaction between the appropriated hydrazines and different substituted chalcones, whereas the urenyl- and thiourenyl-chalcones were obtained by the reaction of aldolic condensation of Claisen-Schmidt between thiourenyl- and urenylaminoacetophenones previously synthesized and differents benzaldehydes. All the compounds were evaluated in distinct models of pain, in mice, and some of them also were evaluated in microbiological models (antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasite). The antinociceptive evaluation of chalcones derivatives demonstrated a promising profile, with emphasis on the compounds 60, 68, 85, and 97, which evaluated activity was more potent than reference drugs. None of the compounds tested presented antibacterial or antifungal activities against the pathogenic microorganism tested. Among the compounds evaluated in antiparasite models, only compounds 68 and 92 presented significative results against T. cruzi; and all the pirazolines synthesized, compound 68 and 92 presented activity against L. amazonensis. The promising chemical and biological results demonstrated here the viability of using the studied classes to achieve more active substances, which might present new therapeutic possibilities. A condensacao de aldeidos e cetonas e especialmente interessante para as reacoes de sintese organica. A presenca da funcao ¿,À-insaturada, juntamente com o tipo e posicao do substituinte nos aneis aromaticos, estao frequentemente relacionados a atividade biologica associada a estes de derivados atraves de modificacoes estruturais do esqueleto chalconico, entre eles podemos citar as pirazolinas, sulfonilpirazolinas, hidrazonas, urenil- e tiourenilchalconas. As pirazolinas, sulfonilpirazolinas e hidrazonas foram obtidas atraves de reacoes entre as chalconas previamente sintetizadas e diferentes fenilidrazinas, ja as urenil- e tiourenil-chalconas foram sintetizadas atraves da reacao de condensacao aldolica de Claisen-Schmidt entre as urenil- e tiourenilaminoacetofenonas previamente sintetizadas e diferentes benzaldeidos. Todos os derivados sintetizados foram avaliados no modelo antinociceptivo in vivo do acido acetico, e alguns deles tambem foram avaliados em outros modelos de dor e em modelos microbiologicos (antibacterianos, antifungicos e antiparasitarios). Os derivados sintetizados apresentaram promissor efeito antinociceptivo, com destaque para a pirazolina 60, a sulfonilpirazolina 68, a hidrazona 85 e a tioureia 97, cuja atividade foi superior aos valores obtidos para os farmacos de referencia. Os derivados nao foram ativos frente aos patogenos (fungos e bacterias) avaliados nos ensaios microbiologicos. Dentre os derivados avaliados nos modelos antiparasitarios, todas as pirazolinas, a sulfonilpirazolina 68 e a tioureia 92 apresentaram resultados significativos contra L. amazonensis, os compostos 68 e 92 tambem foram ativos contra T. cruzi. Os promissores resultados quimicos e farmacologicos aqui demonstrados viabilizam a utilizacao das classes quimicas estudadas na representacao de novas possibilidades terapeuticas. |
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