Genética da cor do tegumento da semente de linhaça (Linum usitatissimum L.)

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Genética da cor do tegumento da semente de linhaça (Linum usitatissimum L.)

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dc.contributor Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor Fioreze, Ana Carolina da Costa Lara
dc.contributor.author Spanholi, Denize Carniel
dc.date.accessioned 2023-07-03T14:25:40Z
dc.date.available 2023-07-03T14:25:40Z
dc.date.issued 2023-06-02
dc.identifier.uri https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/247920
dc.description TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Curitibanos, Agronomia. pt_BR
dc.description.abstract A linhaça (Linum usitatissimum L.) é uma cultura de inverno com duplo propósito de produção, além da utilização do grão in natura e para a fabricação de óleo, também é possível utilizar as fibras extraídas do caule. Pertencente à família Linaceae, é uma planta autógama e diploide (2n = 2x = 30 cromossomos). No Brasil, a cultura foi introduzida no século XVII, pelo Rio Grande do Sul, a qual era produzida em larga escala e utilizadas cultivares nacionais, canadenses e argentinas. Dentre várias características que são de interesse para o melhorista, a cor do grão tem sido um foco devido ao seu valor nutricional e a preferência do mercado consumidor. A semente de linho tem alto valor nutricional, é rica em ácidos graxos, ômega 3 e 6, proteínas e fibras digestíveis, que traz grandes benefícios à saúde humana. Sabe-se que a cor da semente influencia no conteúdo nutricional e trabalhos relatados até então, mostram que a cor do grão se dá por genes de herança nuclear; contudo, os mesmos encontrados na literatura foram realizados com genótipos estrangeiros, não havendo resultados de genótipos utilizados no Brasil. À vista disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a herança genética da cor do tegumento da semente de linhaça. No ano de 2021 foram cultivadas em casa de vegetação quatro linhagens de linhaça amarela desenvolvidas pelo programa de melhoramento genético Genlin e duas cultivares de linhaça marrom desenvolvidas pelo Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuária da Argentina. Os cruzamentos para obtenção de híbridos foram realizados conforme as plantas floresciam, sendo utilizadas para os cruzamentos diretos: (i) linhagens amarelas como genitor feminino e as cultivares marrons como genitor masculino; e também seus recíprocos: (ii) cultivares marrons como genitor feminino e as linhagens amarela como genitor masculino. Gerando então as sementes F1 com fenótipo igual aos dos genitores femininos. Quando utilizado no cruzamento o genitor materno com semente marrom, gerou uma prole de sementes marrons e quando utilizado no cruzamento o genitor materno com semente amarela, gerou uma prole de sementes amarelas. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à avaliação através da chave dicotômica usada para determinar o modo de herança da cor da casca da semente de linhaça. Até a atualidade, nenhum estudo identificou a presença de efeito materno na cor do tegumento da semente de linhaça e embora muitos trabalhos de excelência já tenham sido realizados obtendo bons resultados, nunca haviam sido estudados germoplasmas sul-americanos. Visto que a cor influencia no conteúdo nutricional da semente e esse fator é importante para o mercado consumidor, os programas de melhoramento genético tem interesse em estudar essa característica. Segundo os dados obtidos através do resultado do estudo em questão foi possível concluir que a cor do tegumento da semente de linhaça nos genótipos brasileiros e argentinos avaliados, foi do tipo herança materna. pt_BR
dc.description.abstract Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a winter crop with dual purpose of production, which belongs to the Linaceae family. The plant is autogamous and diploid (2n = 2x = 30 chromosomes). The culture was introduced in the 17th century in Brazil, at Rio Grande do Sul state, and was produced on a large scale with Canadian and Argentine cultivars. Among several characteristics that are of interest to the breeder, the color of the grain has been a focus due to its nutritional value and the preference of the consumer market. Flax seed has high nutritional value, and is rich in fatty acids, omega 3 and 6, protein, and digestible fiber, with greatly benefits to human health. It is known that the color of the seed influences its nutritional contente. So far, some studies reported that the color of the grain is given by genes of nuclear inheritance; however, the same ones found in the literature were carried out with foreign genotypes, with no results of genotypes used in Brazil. Considering it, the present work aimed to study the genetic inheritance of the color of the linseed seed coat. In 2021, four yellow linseed lines developed by the Genlin genetic improvement program and two brown linseed cultivars developed by the National Institute of Agricultural Technology of Argentina were grown in a greenhouse. Crosses to obtain hybrids were carried out as the plants flowered, using for direct crosses: (i) yellow lines as female parent and brown cultivars as male parent; and also their reciprocals: (ii) brown cultivars as female parent and yellow lines as male parent. Then generating the F1 seeds with the same phenotype as the female parents.When used in the crossing, the maternal parent with brown seed, generated an offspring of brown seeds and when used in the crossing, the maternal parent with yellow seed, generated an offspring of yellow seeds. The data obtained were submitted to appraisal through the dichotomous key used to determine the mode of inheritance of flaxseed skin color. Up to the present, no study has identified the presence of a maternal effect on the color of the linseed seed coat and although many excellent works have already been carried out with good results, South American germplasm had never been studied. Since the color influences the nutritional content of the seed and this factor is important for the consumer market, genetic breeding programs are interested in studying this characteristic. According to the data obtained through the result of the study in question, it was possible to conclude that the color of the linseed seed coat in the Brazilian and Argentine genotypes evaluated was of the maternal inheritance type. en
dc.format.extent 36 f. pt_BR
dc.language.iso por pt_BR
dc.publisher Curitibanos, SC. pt_BR
dc.rights Open Access. en
dc.subject Herança materna pt_BR
dc.subject Fenótipo pt_BR
dc.subject Cruzamentos pt_BR
dc.subject Prole marrom pt_BR
dc.subject Prole amarela pt_BR
dc.title Genética da cor do tegumento da semente de linhaça (Linum usitatissimum L.) pt_BR
dc.type TCCgrad pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co Guerra, Naiara
dc.abstract.summary Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a winter crop with dual purpose of production, which belongs to the Linaceae family. The plant is autogamous and diploid (2n = 2x = 30 chromosomes). The culture was introduced in the 17th century in Brazil, at Rio Grande do Sul state, and was produced on a large scale with Canadian and Argentine cultivars. Among several characteristics that are of interest to the breeder, the color of the grain has been a focus due to its nutritional value and the preference of the consumer market. Flax seed has high nutritional value, and is rich in fatty acids, omega 3 and 6, protein, and digestible fiber, with greatly benefits to human health. It is known that the color of the seed influences its nutritional contente. So far, some studies reported that the color of the grain is given by genes of nuclear inheritance; however, the same ones found in the literature were carried out with foreign genotypes, with no results of genotypes used in Brazil. Considering it, the present work aimed to study the genetic inheritance of the color of the linseed seed coat. In 2021, four yellow linseed lines developed by the Genlin genetic improvement program and two brown linseed cultivars developed by the National Institute of Agricultural Technology of Argentina were grown in a greenhouse. Crosses to obtain hybrids were carried out as the plants flowered, using for direct crosses: (i) yellow lines as female parent and brown cultivars as male parent; and also their reciprocals: (ii) brown cultivars as female parent and yellow lines as male parent. Then generating the F1 seeds with the same phenotype as the female parents.When used in the crossing, the maternal parent with brown seed, generated an offspring of brown seeds and when used in the crossing, the maternal parent with yellow seed, generated an offspring of yellow seeds. The data obtained were submitted to appraisal through the dichotomous key used to determine the mode of inheritance of flaxseed skin color. Up to the present, no study has identified the presence of a maternal effect on the color of the linseed seed coat and although many excellent works have already been carried out with good results, South American germplasm had never been studied. Since the color influences the nutritional content of the seed and this factor is important for the consumer market, genetic breeding programs are interested in studying this characteristic. According to the data obtained through the result of the study in question, it was possible to conclude that the color of the linseed seed coat in the Brazilian and Argentine genotypes evaluated was of the maternal inheritance type. en


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