Metodologia de análise de confiabilidade em redes ativas de distribuição de energia elétrica

Abstract

Abstract : This paper presents a methodology for estimation of reliability indicators for active distribution networks. Active distribution networks are any distribution networks that contain Distributed Generation, Microsources or Minisources and can operate as a Microgrid.The estimation of reliability indicators employs a stochastic methodology named Sequential Monte Carlo Simulation - SMCS. The SMCS is able to simulate the occurrence of events in the temporal and chronological system and represent the randomness of the variables of the problem.Four models were developed to represent the sources of energy generation. The sources of dispatchable generation are represented through the CON model. The intermittent sources such as wind, are represented through EOLI and EOLII models and solar photovoltaic, through the FTV model. The CON and EOLI models are based on Markovian two or multiple states processes. In EOLII and FTV models the output parameters are obtained directly from curves and power is discretized in time. The coupling of energy storage to form Microgrids was also considered.Generating sources can be modeled with power from hundreds of kW to few MW. The generators can be installed in medium and in low voltage.Analysis of the voltage profile and disposal loads are applied in the simulations. To analyze the voltage profile is applied the power flow study with current injection formulation which is solved by the Newton - Raphson method.The validation of the methodology and generation models is conducted through simulations on two different test systems: a typical test system from the IEEE and in a realistic system of a utility in southern Brazil.The results of this study show that the presence of Microgrids can bring improvements to the indicators of reliability of the system, with emphasis on Energy Not Supplied - ENS.