Fisiologia e metabolismo da embriogênese somática e zigótica de Acca sellowiana (Berg) Burret (MYRTACEAE)

Abstract

The Acca sellowiana somatic embryogenesis model system has been extensively studied in the last years. Although somatic embryos are obtained in high frequency and show to be morphologically normal, their conversion rates are still low. The ABA is a plant hormone known to induce a cascade of important events that result in a normal germination The Fluridone (1-metil-3-fenil-5-[3-(trifluormetil)-fenil]-4(1H)-piridinona), is a inhibitor of carotenogenesis, ABA synthesis and derivatives, being compared to GA3 in its physiological effects. Thus, in the present work we attempted to study the role of Fluridone in the conversion of Acca sellowiana somatic embryos. Somatic embryos were from mature zygotic embryos inoculated in LPm culture medium supplemented with maltose (3%); Morel vitamins, phytagel (0.2%), and 2,4 - D (20ìM). Somatic embryos in torpedo, precotyledonary and cotyledonary stages were placed in Petri dishes containing 30 mL of growing medium LPm medium plus sucrose (3%), active charcoal (1.5%), Morel vitamins, and supplemented with BAP (0.5 ìM), GA3 (1 ìM) and Fluridone (0, 1. 5 and 10 ìM). Complementarily to the same basal culture medium with BAP (0.5 ìM), GA3 (1 ìM), 0.25; 0.5; 1; 1.5 and 2ìM of Fluridone was added. The cultures were incubated in culture room at a temperature of 25 ± 2 °C temperature, under photoperiod of 16 h;, and 50 ìmol m-2s-1 light intensity The rate conversion to plantlets was evaluated to 15, 30 and 45 days. The largest rate of embryo conversion resulted from the treatment with 1ìM of Fluridone. The embryo conversion was suppressed in response to Fluridone at 2 and 10 ìM. Acca sellowiana somatic embryos show of sensitivity to Fluridone, thus confirming its antagonism with ABA.