Development and Validation of the Obstetric Violence Typification Scale (ETVO-br)

Abstract

Background and Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate the Obstetric Violence Typification Scale. Methods: The study was conducted in five sequential steps: defining the topic, generating an initial pool of items, specifying the measurement and response format, performing face and content validation with a panel of experts, and revising the instrument according to the evaluators’ feedback. Results: From an integrative review, legal documents, and input from 60 obstetric nurses, 720 statements were produced and refined to 75 items across five dimensions. Validation with 31 experts confirmed clarity and relevance, and a pre-test with 20 professionals supported applicability. Conclusions: The final tool includes sociodemographic data, a definition of obstetric violence, and a Likert scale, enabling assessment and monitoring of violent situations in childbirth.