Análise da paisagem entre os parques Estadual da Serra do Tabuleiro e Nacional da Serra do Itajaí (Santa Catarina - Brasil): proposta para implantação de corredores ecológicos

Abstract

The Atlantic Rainforest is one of the most weakened Brazilian biomes due to destruction of its ecosystem throughout history. Some of the most preserved locals are located in public areas known as Integral Protection Conservation Units, whereas its natural habitats are protected by law. In Santa Catarina, the two largest terrestrial Integral Protection Conservation Units are the “Serra doTabuleiro National Park” and “Serra do Itajaí National Park”. Due to the importance, great extension and proximity between these units, it has been delimited a study area for an “inter-situ” located between them, with the intention of analyze the landscape, using Geographic Information System (GIS). There has been chosen eight categories of Land Use and Land Cover, that have represented the composition and spatial distribution around a region of approximately 173 thousands hectares. From the classification of the native vegetation, the great checked category, there have been set five possible Connecting Paths between the largest Remain Forests which could link the two parks. For this purpose, demarcation routes near mayor physical anthropic barriers were avoided because they could hamper or hinder the spread of the native vegetation and the flow of the species. To this end, it‟s intended to transform these marked and essential conservation areas into ecological corridors, protected public areas and/or private reserves. The best route was selected for analyses that have identified the main critical areas and places where installation of passage structures for biodiversity (Wildlife-Crossing) would be useful to favor the species dispersion along the largest fragments. Those process can be facilitated and encouraged with the creation of ecological corridors and by adopting environmental natural dynamics of the native areas and also reduce to a minimum any impact caused by the presence of local human population. Therefore a proposal list and a guideline of conservation and management of the biodiversity have been drawn up in order to facilitate the connectivity and the protection of the region ecosystem.